sᴇʟᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ᴀʀᴛᴡᴏʀᴋ: ᴇᴠᴀ ʜᴇssᴇ, ʀᴇᴘᴇᴛɪᴛɪᴏɴ ɴɪɴᴇᴛᴇᴇɴ ɪɪɪ, 1968

                91 - 93

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             Early Career

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born in 1936 in Hamburg, Germany to Jewish family

sent her and sister to Netherlands when she was 2

1939 - reunite in England, settle in NYC

US citizen at age 9

study art at School of Industrial Art, Pratt Institute

in brooklyn, Cooper Union

also intern at Seventeen magazine, did not meet LeWitt

until 1960

1957 - scholarship with Yale Norfolk Summer School 

of Music and Art

study painting with Josef Albers at School of Art and

Architecture at Yale, graduate with BFA in 1959

moved back to NY, work as textile designer, draw and paint

1961 - exhibitions at Brooklyn Museum, John Heller

Gallery

1963 - first solo show, entirely of drawings

travel with husband, sculptor Tom Doyle, to German town 

of Kettwif-amRuhr

make relief paintings, 3d objects with rope, rubber

1965 - sculptures first shown in Dusseldorf

1966 - Eccentric Abstraction at Fischbach Gallery in NY

1967-68 - work with latex materials, fiberglass

1969 - diagnosed with brain tumor, died in May 1970

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           Minimalism to
        Post Minimalism

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categorized as Post Minimalist

both movements unfold simultaneously

Primary Structures - minimalism's first major exhibition

Eccentric Abstraction - group post-minimalists

happen in the same year

1971 - post minimalism coined by critic Robert Pincus-Witten,
who used it to describe artists including Hesse, Richard Serra,
Robert Smithson, Robert Morris, Lynda Benglis, Mel Bochner

worked in wide range of materials from lead sheets, latex, fiberglass

Morris work with long sheets of industrial felt

refer to approach as "anti-form"

Surrealist sculpture (1920-30s), Yayoi Kusama, Claes 
Oldenberg serve as important precedents for post-minimalism

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               Analysis

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19 buckets, each 19-20 tall

translucent industrial fiberglass, originally clearish white, yellowed

over time, more visceral quality

random arrangement that does not resemble grid

1930s - fiberglass (patented as Fiberglas), made of glass fibers

adhered to plastic

1960s - Owens Corning glass company market to artists

worked with professional fabricator Doug Johns

lined molds with fiberglass sheets, brush with liquid resin

Hesse interested in repetition and sameness, not perfection

1968 - solo exhibition at Fischbach Gallery, Chain Polymers

critic Lucy Lippard -hard/soft, rough/smooth, precision/chance,

geometry/free form, tough/vulnerable, natural/industrial

sometimes connected with Sexual Revolution

birth control debut in 1960

1971 - book on women's health, Our Bodies, Ourselves

1973 - abortion legalized

influenced Lynda Bengalis, Hannah Wilke, both incorporate

latex products

Paul Thek, Robert Morris, Scott Burton experiment with

nontraditional materials, explore issues around sexuality, gender