Academic Decathlon 2018 - 2019

                    8 - 11 electromagnetic waves never speed up or slow down if they do, the wave would die out speed of light  - c, 2,999,792,458 m/s before 1600s , Johannes Kepler, Rene Descarte  believe light to be transmitted instaneously Galileo Galilei  first to question this viewpoint proposed experiment where 2 participants uncovered lanterns determine speed of light with distance limited by timekeeping methods and human reaction speed estimate light was at least 10x faster than speed in 1676, Danish  astronomer Ole Romer  noticed eclipses of  Io  happen later when Earth is father away and vice versa calculated speed of light to be 220,000,000  m/s around 1850 , French  physicist Hippolyte Fizeau  used  cogwheel and mirror 8km  apart obtain value of 313,000,000m/s  for c in 1862 , fellow French Leon Fouca...

                60 - 61 ╓═══════☆═════ ══╖              Early Career ╙═══════☆═══════╜ son of Swedish  diplomat, born in Stockholm, Sweden in 1929 , lived in US  and Norway , settle in Chicago  ( 1936 ) become American citizen at age of 24 , in 1953 undergraduate study at Yale University majored in literature  and art history  in 1950 studied art under Paul Wieghardt  at Art Institute of Chicago from 1950-1954 worked as reporter at City News Bureau of Chicago  during first two years moved to NY  in  1956 , met artists experimenting in performance art: George Brecht, Allan Kaprow, George Segal, Robert Whitman , ushered into avant-garde  downtown scene constructed environment, The Street , for first major gallery show at Judson Gallery  in 1960 consisted of silhouettes made from trash set in garbage ...

                  57 - 59 ╓═══════☆═════ ══╖        Melding Art and Life ╙═══════☆═══════╜ art meant to engender particular kind of aesthetic experience some characterized as spiritual or mystical, took viewer out  of everyday existence and offer momentary glimpse of  something beyond our imperfect world critics did not necessarily think art should be apolitical ,  thought that art could respond to the world by maintaining some distance from it emphasis on art as "autonomous sphere" artists of late 1950s-early 1960s  reject call for autonomy advocate art need to get into every day life to be relevant some wanted to use quotidian objects/behaviors  in work  to make everyday objects unfamiliar and strange comment on ideologies that structure our experience and make them seem natural others celebrated everyday , elevate banalities and oddi...

         10 - 15 new consumer culture of American suburbs felt like long delayed reward access to benefits of middle class  life had been goal of labor unions  and promise of Roosevelt administration  in 1930s seemed to represent American freedom ╓═══════☆═════ ══╖          The Vital Center ╙═══════☆═══════╜ social critics lamented uniformity of suburban life and cultural monotony as everyone had similar lives looked for vain cultural achievements that symbolized  nation's engagement with not only prosperity, but also ongoing inequality and justice political climate of 1950s  relatively uniform anti communist rhetoric from Cold War  escalate into hysteria in 1949 Soviet Unison  detonate its own nuclear bomb, Mao Zedong  create People's Repubic,   North Korea  invade South Korea accusations of communist sympathies and char...