ʙʟᴏᴏᴅ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴀᴠᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ: ғᴀᴄɪɴɢ ʙᴜʟʟ ᴄᴏɴɴᴏʀ ɪɴ ʙɪʀᴍɪɴɢʜᴀᴍ

                25 - 26

JFK resented southern white intransience

MS governor Ross Barnett defy federal court order mandating
admission of James Meredith to U of Mississippi in 1962

JFK order federal marshals to escort him onto campus

mobilize additional troops to stop white riot at Ole Miss

riot killed 2 people, wounded 100+ marshals

April 1963, struggle over civil rights intensify in AL

MLK, SCLC try to desegregate Birmingham

under iron fisted rule of chief police Eugene "Bull" Connor

arrested hundreds of protesters, when they defied court orders
against further marches, used fire hoses, police dogs, officers
armed with clubs to attack protesters including children

MLK arrested, in solitary confinement, receive letter from 3
local clergy

reply with Letter from a Birmingham Jail

Justice Department arrange solution to end protest, as well
as segregation and discrimination in hiring in Birmingham

╓═══════☆═══════╖

          White Backlash

╙═══════☆═══════╜

King warned fellow activists to expect southern white violence

KKK march outside city

bombs went off at SCLC HQ and MLK's brother's house

AL gov George Wallace put himself in way of 2 black students

to prevent them from enrolling at U of Alabama

"segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever"

students subsequently admitted after Kennedy mobilize

Alabama National Guard

6/12/1963, Klansman assassinate Megdar Evars, local 

NCAAP activist, WWII combat vet, in Jackson, MS

3 months later, white supremacist terrorists struck Birmingham's

16th Street Baptist Church with bomb

14 injured, 4 little girls killed who just finished Sunday lesson

"The Love That Forgives"

identify moral crisis, JFK call for civil rights legislation

went on tv to explain need for civil rights bill

not passed during his life, tv appeal signal to Americans

that White House committed to moving forward

╓═══════☆═══════╖

          March for Jobs

            and Freedom

╙═══════☆═══════╜

8/28/1963 - congressional opposition from southern Democrats

MLK led 200,000+ in March for Joba and Freedom in DC

gathering at Lincoln memorial in honor of 100th anniversary

of Emancipation Proclamation

joined hands, sang protest spiritual "We Shall Overcome"

I have a dream speech

Kennedy's bill - Civil Rights Act of 1964