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ᴡᴀʀ ʀᴇǫᴜɪᴇᴍ (1963) - ʙᴇɴᴊᴀᴍɪɴ ʙʀɪᴛᴛᴇɴ

                84 - 86 1958  - commissioned to compose for dedication ceremony of new Coventry Cathedral  built to  replace old one destroyed by German Air Force in WWII deeply opposed to war, fled England as objector Mass  - set of texts used for Roman Catholic worship service Requiem  - mass for dead "Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine" "Give them eternal rest, O Lord" tropes  - vernacular language, comments on Latin text poetically, banned by Catholic church chose 9 poems of Wilfred Owen , WWI soldier, killed week before end of war at 25 dedicate to 4 friends lot in WWII Latin liturgical text - soprano soloist, mixed chorus, boys' choir, organ, full orchestra Owen texts - tenor soloist (Allied), baritone (German), chamber orchestra 6   movements of Requiem mass: Requiem aeternam - grant them eternal rest dies irae - day of wrath offerto...
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ᴛʜᴇ ᴛɪᴍᴇs ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴀʀᴇ ᴀ-ᴄʜᴀɴɢɪɴ' - 1961-63

                84 - 86 as 1960 progress, "change train" pick up speed ╓═══════☆═════ ══╖           Classical Music ╙═══════☆═══════╜ 1961 - Francis Perulenc's Gloria  premier neo Classical  - adhere to older composition values died in native France  in 1963 African Americans - Hale Smith, William Grant Still, Ulysses Kay Kay's Fantasy Variations (1963) use tone clusters, polychords, whole tone melodies reveals theme in the final section John Cage  - philosophical leader of avant garde in US lectures, gave speeches, artist's clubs, publish articles 1961  - excerpts gathered into Silence publish 5 other books 19c - symphony, 20c- innovation Dmitri Shostakovich  - known exclusively for symphonies 1961  - Symphony No.12  - patriotic, dedicated to Lenin 1962  - Symphony No. 13  - based on Babi Yar  poems by dissident poet Y ...
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ʀᴏᴄᴋ ᴀɴᴅ ʀᴏʟʟ: ᴀᴛ ʜᴏᴍᴇ ᴏɴ ᴀᴍ ʀᴀᴅɪᴏ

                84 - 86 most significant musical transformation in  60s in pop music - rock and roll, soul, rhythm and blues, folk music 1950s - AM  radio primary medium for new music top 40  format, investors buy groups of radio stations most songs less than 5  min, 40 songs in 4  hours payola  - pay influential DJ, boost sales Billboard 's pop music sales reflect stagnation Theme from a Summer Place  - Percy Faith ( 1960) conservative orchestral instrumental, no.1 for 9 weeks top 10 that year- Frankie Avalon, Connie Francis, Brenda Lee , not breaking new ground authors of Rock of Ages: The Rolling Stone History of Rock & Roll : "case of creeping blands" ╓═══════☆═════ ══╖                Film Music ╙═══════☆═══════╜ 1960 - largely conservative new developments in Europe, resemble dissonant modern classical composers B...
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ᴏᴘᴛɪᴄᴀʟ ɪɴsᴛʀᴜᴍᴇɴᴛs

                37 - 40 Simple Magnifier  - most basic single converging lens object must be within focal length viewed from opposite side virtual, magnified, upright, further away image ╓═══════☆═════ ══╖              Microscopes ╙═══════☆═══════╜ lenses combined to increase overall magnifying power image produced by one lens as object for other lens compound microscope  - two converging lenses closer to object - objective closer to observer - eyepiece object just outside focal length of objective real, inverted image formed by objective virtual, magnified, inverted - final image inventor unknown, first model demonstrated around 1621 17c scientists, including Galileo  experiment with multi-lens object must be at least as large as wavelength of light 400-700nm electron microscope  used for smaller length scales ...
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ᴊᴏᴀɴ ᴅɪᴅɪᴏɴ ᴏɴ ᴊᴏᴀɴ ʙᴀᴇᴢ: "ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴋɪssɪɴɢ ɴᴇᴠᴇʀ sᴛᴏᴘs"

                86 - 96 date essay in 1966 , not published until 1968 ╓═══════☆═════ ══╖           New Journalism ╙═══════☆═══════╜ Tom Wolfe  - The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test Hunter S. Thompson  - Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas developed in 60s-70s report stories with subjectivity used narrative storytelling and literary devices ╓═══════☆═════ ══╖             Life and Work ╙═══════☆═══════╜ born in 1934 , attended UC Berkeley several essay collections, 6 book length essays, 5 novels, several screenplays won Prix de Paris  essay competition by Vogue , work there for 7 years first novel - River Run, 1963 first essay collection - Slouching Towards Bethelehem essays published in The Saturday Evening Post, Vogue, Holiday title essay offers profile of Haight-Ashbury  district in San Francisc...
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sᴇʟᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ᴡᴏʀᴋ: "ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴏɴᴇsᴏᴍᴇ ᴅᴇᴀᴛʜ ᴏғ ʜᴀᴛᴛɪᴇ ᴄᴀʀʀᴏʟʟ" ʙʏ ʙᴏʙ ᴅʏʟᴀɴ

                84 - 86 ╓═══════☆═════ ══╖                  Analysis ╙═══════☆═══════╜ rock - Neil Young's   "Ohio"  - about shooting of 4 protesters at Kent State University  in 1970 Woody Guthrie, Phil Ochs  comment on current affairs Och  - I' Ain't Marching Anymore Dylan  - The Ballad of George Jackson  (Black Panther member shot in Folsom prison ), Only a Pawn in Their  Game  (assassination of civil rights activist Medgar Evers ) 8-28-1963  - Dylan travel home from March On Washington William Zantzinger  receive sentence for killing Hattie  Carroll , charge from 2nd degree murder to manslaughter, fine of $625 , 6 months in jail deferred for tobacco harvest served time in local jail to be protected from other inmates arrived at Emerson Hotel in Baltimore  with toy cane assaul...
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